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Samsung Electronics

Samsung Electronics

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (Korean: 삼성전자; Hanja三星電子) is a South Koreanmultinational electronics company headquartered in Suwon, South Korea.[2] It is the flagship subsidiary of the Samsung Group and has been the world's largest information technology company by revenues since 2009.[3] Samsung Electronics has assembly plants and sales networks in 88 countries and employs around 370,000 people.[4] For 2012 the CEO is Kwon Oh-Hyun.[5]
Samsung has long been a major manufacturer of electronic components such as lithium-ion batteriessemiconductorschipsflash memory and hard drive devices for clients such as AppleSonyHTC and Nokia.[6] [7]
In recent years, the company has diversified into consumer electronics.[8] It is the world's largest manufacturer of mobile phones and smartphones fueled by the popularity of itsSamsung Galaxy line of devices.[9] The company is also a major vendor of tablet computers, particularly its Android-powered Samsung Galaxy Tab collection, and is generally regarded as pioneering the phablet market through the Samsung Galaxy Notefamily of devices.[10]
Samsung has been the world's largest maker of LCD panels since 2002, the world's largest television manufacturer since 2006,[11] and world's largest manufacturer of mobile phones since 2011.[12] Samsung Electronics displaced Apple Inc. as the world's largest technology company in 2011 and is a major part of the South Korean economy.

History[edit]

1969 to 1987 - Early years[edit]

Samsung Electric Industries was established as an industry Samsung Group in 1969 in Suwon, South Korea.[13] Its early products were electronic and electrical appliances including televisions, calculators, refrigerators, air conditioners and washing machines. In 1970, Samsung Group established another subsidiary, Samsung-NEC, jointly with Japan's NEC Corporation to manufacture home appliancesand audiovisual devices. In 1974, the group expanded into the semiconductor business by acquiring Korea Semiconductor, one of the first chip-making facilities in the country at the time. The acquisition of Korea Telecommunications, an electronic switching system producer, was completed at the start of the next decade in 1980.
By 1981, Samsung Electric Industries had manufactured over 10 million black-and-white televisions. In February 1983, Samsung's founder, Lee Byung-chull, made an announcement later dubbed the "Tokyo declaration", in which he declared that Samsung intended to become a DRAM (dynamic random access memory) vendor. One year later, Samsung became the third company in the world to develop a 64kb DRAM.[citation needed] In 1988, Samsung Electric Industries merged with Samsung Semiconductor & Communications to form Samsung Electronics.

1988-1995 - Consumer struggles[edit]

Samsung Electronics launched its first mobile phone in 1988, in the South Korean market.[14] Sales were initially poor and by the early 1990s Motorola held a market share of over 60 percent in the country's mobile phone market compared to just 10 percent for Samsung.[14] Samsung's mobile phone division also struggled with poor quality and inferior products until the mid-1990s and exit from the sector was a frequent topic of discussion within the company.[14]
Samsung Electronics acquired a 40 percent stake in AST Research, a United States-based personal computer maker, for US$378 million in February 1995.[15]

1995-2008 - Component manufacturing[edit]

It was decided by Lee Kun-Hee that Samsung needed to change strategy. The company shelved the production of many under-selling product lines and instead pursued a process of designing and manufacturing components and investing in new technologies for other companies. In addition, Samsung outlined a 10-year plan to shrug off its image as a "budget brand" and to challenge Sony as the world's largest consumer electronics manufacturer. It was hoped in this way Samsung would gain an understanding of how products are made and give a technological lead sometime in the future. This patient vertical integration strategy of manufacturing components has born fruit for Samsung in the late-2000s.[16]
As Samsung shifted away from consumer markets, the company devised a plan to sponsor major sporting events to remain in the public eye. One such sponsorship was for the 1998 Winter Olympics held in NaganoJapan.[17]
As a chaebol, Samsung Group wielded wealth that allowed the company to invest and develop new technology rather than build products at a level which would not have a detrimental impact on Samsung's finances.[18]
Samsung had a number of technological breakthroughs particularly in the field of memory which are commonplace in most electrical products today. This includes the world's first 64Mb DRAM in 1992, 256 Mb DRAM in 1994, 1Gb DRAM in 1996.[19] In 2004, Samsung developed the world's first 8Gb NAND Memory chip and a manufacturing deal was struck with Apple in 2005. A deal to supply Apple for memory chips was sealed in 2005 and, as of October 2013, Samsung remains a key supplier of Apple components, manufacturing the A7 processors that are inside the iPhone 5s model.[20][21]

2008 to present - Consumer products[edit]

The Samsung wordmark as it appears on many Samsung products
The Samsung display at the 2008 Internationale Funkausstellung in Berlin
For four consecutive years, from 2000 to 2003, Samsung posted net earnings higher than five-percent; this was at a time when 16 out of the 30 top South Korean companies ceased operating in the wake of the unprecedented crisis.[22][23]
In 2005, Samsung Electronics surpassed Japanese rival, Sony, for the first time to become the world's twentieth-largest and most popular consumer brand, as measured byInterbrand.[24]
In 2007, Samsung Electronics became the world's second-largest mobile-phone maker, overtaking Motorola for the first time.[25] In 2009, Samsung achieved total revenues of US$117.4 billion, overtaking Hewlett-Packard to become the world's largest technology company measured by sales.[26]
In 2009 and 2010, the US and EU fined the company, together with eight other memory chip makers, for its part in a price-fixing scheme that occurred between 1999 and 2002. Other companies fined included Infineon TechnologiesElpida Memory and Micron Technology.[27][28][29][30][31] In December 2010, the EU granted immunity to Samsung Electronics for acting as an informant during the investigation (LG Display, AU Optronics, Chimei InnoLux, Chunghwa Picture Tubes and HannStar Display were implicated as result of the company's intelligence).[32][33]
Despite consistent growth, Samsung, along with its chairman Lee Kun-hee, has developed a reputation for insecurity regarding its financial stability and the potential for future crises to arise. After returning from a temporary retirement period in March 2010, Kun-hee stated that "Samsung Electronics' future is not guaranteed because most of our flagship products will be obsolete in 10 years from now."[34]
Samsung has emphasized innovation in its management strategy since the early 2000s and it again highlighted innovation as part of core strategies when it announced the Vision 2020 in which the company set an ambitious goal of reaching $400 billion in annual revenues within ten years. In order to cement its leadership in the areas of memory chip and television production, the company has invested aggressively in research and development. The company has 24 research-and-development centers around the world.
In April 2011, Samsung Electronics sold its HDD commercial operations to Seagate Technology for approximately US$1.4 billion. The payment was composed of 45.2 million Seagate shares (9.6 percent of shares), worth US$687.5 million, and a cash sum for the remainder.[35]
In the first quarter of 2012, the company became the highest-selling mobile phone company when it overtook Nokia, selling 93.5 million units compared to Nokia's 82.7 million units. Samsung also became the largest smartphone vendor as a result of strong sales of itsGalaxy SII and Galaxy Note devices.[36]
In May 2013, Samsung announced that it had finally managed to test speed-enhanced fifth generation (5G) technology successfully.
In April 2013, Samsung Electronics' new entry into its Galaxy S series smartphone range, the Galaxy S4 was made available for retail. Released as the upgrade of the best-selling Galaxy S III, the S4 was sold in some international markets with the company’s Exynos processor.[37]
In July 2013, Samsung Electronics forecasted weaker than expected profits for its April to June quarter. While analysts expected around 10.1 trillion won, Samsung Electronics estimated an operating profit of 9.5 trillion (US$8.3 billion).[38] During the same month, Samsung acquired the media streaming device manufacturer Boxee for a reported $30 million.[39]
On August 5, 2013, invitations were received for the "Samsung Unpacked 2013 Episode 2" event on September 4, 2013 in Berlin, Germany during the annual IFA conference. While the invitation does not present any details of the event, industry figures stated that the launch of the Galaxy Note III device is expected, as Samsung used the 2012 IFA conference to launch the Galaxy Note II.[40]
Samsung’s mobile business chief Shin Jong-kyun stated to the Korea Times on September 11, 2013 that Samsung Electronics will further develop its presence in China to strengthen its market position in relation to Apple. The Samsung executive also confirmed that a 64-bit smartphone handset will be released to match the ARM-based A7 processor of Apple's iPhone 5s model that was released in September 2013.[41]
Due to smartphone sales—especially sales of lower-priced handsets in markets such as India and China—Samsung achieved record earnings in the third quarter of 2013. The operating profit for this period rose to about 10.1 trillion won (US$9.4 billion), a figure that was boosted by memory chip sales to customers such as Apple, Inc.[21]
On October 14, 2013, Samsung Electronics offers an apology for using refurbished components from cheaper desktop computers to fix higher-end products on the heels of growing criticism of the tech giant's unethical business practices as exposed Sunday by MBC TV’s current affairs magazine “2580.”[42]

Clash of Clans

Clash of Clans

Clash of Clans is a mobile freemium strategy video game from Supercell, a video game company based in HelsinkiFinland.[1][2][3]

Gameplay

A multiplayer game, Clash of Clans allows players to build their community, train troops, and attack other players to earn gold and elixir while building their own defenses to protect against attackers. Players can also use the chat feature to communicate with others and join clans to aid each other.
Purchasing gems via credit card helps players advance faster in the game. The pay-to-advance feature has proved lucrative for Supercell's two iOS applications. Clash of Clansand Hay Day were reportedly generating $2.4 million per day for the company in the first half of 2013.[4][5] Clash of Clans has been a top 5 download since December, 2012.[6][7]The success of the game was described as being part of the ushering in of a new era in conjoint gaming.[8]
On September 30, 2013, the game soft-launched on Android in Canada and Finland.[9] On October 7, 2013, Supercell released Clash of Clans to all other international Google Play Stores.[10]

Troops info

The Troops used in this game are used for either the Goblins on the campaign map or other players in the raiding parts. Each of the Troops are sorted into Tiers:
  • Tier #1 - Tier #1 consists of BarbariansArchers, and Goblins. The troops in this category are very powerful when swarming in hordes yet are vulnerable to Wizard Towers and Mortars.
  • Tier #2 - Tier #2 consists of Giants, Wall Breakers (a group of small skeletons that carry bombs), Balloons (a group of Wall Breakers in hot air balloons), and Wizards. Tier #2 is more powerful than Tier #1, but weaker than Tier #3.
  • Tier #3 - Tier #3 consists of Dragons, Healers, and P.E.K.K.A.s (a race of full-armored creatures). Tier #3 is the strongest army in the game, but costs a lot of elixir.
  • Dark Elixir Troops - The Dark Elixir Troops consists of GolemsHog Riders, Minions, Valkyries, and Witches (who can summon the skeletons of dead soldiers). The Dark Elixir Troops fill in the specific niches that normal troops don't have.
  • Heroes - The Heroes consist of the Barbarian King and the Archer Queen. The Heroes are immortal and can only be trained once. The Heroes can be summoned by a permanent altar rather than being trained in the barracks.


Amazon.com

Amazon.com
Amazon.com, Inc. /ˈæməzɒn/ is an American international electronic commercecompany with headquarters in SeattleWashington, United States. It is the world's largestonline retailer.[9][10][11] Amazon.com started as an online bookstore, but soon diversified, selling DVDsVHSsCDsvideo and MP3 downloads/streaming, softwarevideo games,electronics, apparel, furniture, food, toys, and jewelry. The company also producesconsumer electronics—notably the Amazon Kindle e-book reader and the Kindle Fire tablet computer—and is a major provider of cloud computing services. Amazon is considered the fourth most successful startup company of all time by market capitalization, revenue, growth and cultural impact.[12]
Jeff Bezos incorporated the company (as Cadabra) in July 1994 and the site went online as Amazon.com in 1995.[13] The company was renamed after the Amazon River, one of the largest rivers in the world,[13] which in turn was named after the Amazons, the legendary nation of female warriors in Greek mythology.
Amazon has separate retail websites for United StatesUnited KingdomFranceCanada,GermanyItalySpainAustraliaBrazilJapanChinaIndia and Mexico, with international shipping to certain other countries for some of its products.[14] In 2011, it had professed an intention to launch its websites in Poland,[15] Netherlands, and Sweden, as well.[16] AnAustrian website operates as part of the German website.

History[edit]


Amazon founder Jeff Bezos
The company was founded in 1994, spurred by what Bezos called his "regret minimization framework", which described his efforts to fend off any regrets for not participating sooner in the Internet business boom during that time.[17] In 1994, Bezos left his employment as vice-president ofD. E. Shaw & Co., a Wall Street firm, and moved to Seattle. He began to work on a business plan for what would eventually become Amazon.com.
After reading a report about the future of the Internet which projected annual Web commerce growth at 2,300%, Bezos created a list of 20 products which could be marketed online. He narrowed the list to what he felt were the five most promising products which included: compact discs, computer hardware, computer software, videos, and books. Bezos finally decided that his new business would sell books online, due to the large world-wide demand for literature, the low price points for books, along with the huge number of titles available in print.[18] Amazon[19] was originally founded in Bezos' garage in Bellevue, Washington.[20]
The company began as an online bookstore, an idea spurred off with discussion with John Ingram of Ingram Book (now called Ingram Content Group), along with Keyur Patel who still holds a stake in Amazon.[21] In the first two months of business, Amazon sold to all 50 states and over 45 countries. Within two months, Amazon's sales were up to $20,000/week.[22] While the largest brick and mortar bookstores and mail order catalogs might offer 200,000 titles, an online bookstore could "carry" several times more, since they had an almost unlimited virtual (not actual) warehouse: those of the actual product makers/suppliers.
Bezos wanted a name for his company that began with "A" so that it would appear early in alphabetic order. He began looking through the dictionary and settled on "Amazon" because it was a place that was "exotic and different" just as he planned for his store to be, and he believed it was the biggest river in the world, and he planned to make his store the biggest in the world.[13] Bezos placed a premium on his head start in building a brand, telling a reporter, "There's nothing about our model that can't be copied over time. But you know,McDonald's got copied. And it still built a huge, multibillion-dollar company. A lot of it comes down to the brand name. Brand names are more important online than they are in the physical world."[23]
Since 2000, Amazon's logotype has featured a curved arrow leading from A to Z, representing that they carry every product from A to Z, with the arrow shaped like a smile.[24]
Amazon was incorporated in 1994, in the state of Washington. In July 1995, the company began service and sold its first book on Amazon.com: Douglas Hofstadter's Fluid Concepts and Creative Analogies: Computer Models of the Fundamental Mechanisms of Thought.[25] In October 1995, the company announced itself to the public.[26] In 1996, it was reincorporated in Delaware. Amazon issued its initial public offering of stock on May 15, 1997, trading under the NASDAQ stock exchange symbol AMZN, at a price ofUS$18.00 per share ($1.50 after three stock splits in the late 1990s).
Amazon's initial business plan was unusual; it did not expect to make a profit for four to five years. This "slow" growth caused stockholders to complain about the company not reaching profitability fast enough to justify investing in, or to even survive in the long-term. When the dot-com bubble burst at the start of the 21st Century, destroying many e-companies in the process, Amazon survived, and grew on past the bubble burst to become a huge player in online sales. It finally turned its first profit in the fourth quarter of 2001: $5 million (i.e., 1¢ per share), on revenues of more than $1 billion. This profit margin, though extremely modest, proved to skeptics that Bezos' unconventional business model could succeed.[27] In 1999, Time magazine named Bezos the Person of the Year, recognizing the company's success in popularizing online shopping.
Barnes & Noble sued Amazon on May 12, 1997, alleging that Amazon's claim to be "the world's largest bookstore" was false. Barnes and Noble asserted, "[It] isn't a bookstore at all. It's a book broker." The suit was later settled out of court, and Amazon continued to make the same claim."[28] Walmart sued Amazon on October 16, 1998, alleging that Amazon had stolen their trade secrets by hiring former Walmart executives. Although this suit was also settled out of court, it caused Amazon to implement internal restrictions and the re-assignment of the former Walmart executives.[28]